针对碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（CFRP）,围绕1 064 nm皮秒激光加工方式改进和工艺参量调整,开展热损伤抑制试验。结果表明：沿纤维方向切割质量明显优于垂直方向,材料各向异性决定了热量主要沿纤维方向传递并向材料内部扩散。采用运动平台结合振镜扫描的复合切割方式优于传统方式,且适用于较厚材料加工。热损伤程度与激光功率、切割速度、扫描半径和填充间距等工艺参量密切相关,这是由脉冲能量密度及脉冲分散程度决定的。此外,切透材料后适当增加切割次数可进一步改善切割质量。工艺优化后,垂直于纤维方向复合切割2.1 mm厚试样,获得了极佳的切割质量,切缝表面无附着物、裂纹、孔隙等缺陷,材料内部热影响区宽度小于10 μm。

依据漫反射目标探测的信号与噪声的统计特征, 对相干激光雷达的探测信噪比、接收灵敏度等关键参数进行仿真分析与研究。结果表明, 接收灵敏度与探测概率和虚警率性能要求密切相关, 同时也会受到目标速度动态范围以及所选取的波长的影响, 采用多次探测的方式对接收灵敏度有明显的提升作用。研究结果对相干激光雷达的总体设计具有重要意义。

The sport performance of swimming athletes in three different levels including 5 national high-level swimming athletes, 5 ordinary swimming athletes and 5 college students was investigated by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Four parameters of muscle oxygenation and blood lactate (BLa) concentration were simultaneously monitored during incremental exercise on the ergometer. It was found that inflection points of muscle oxygenation and BLa concentration were consistent with the human sport capacity. Moreover, inflection points of muscle oxygenation occurred earlier than those of BLa concentration in ordinary athletes and college students. It implies monitoring changes of muscle oxygenation is superior to BLa measurement under this condition, since BLa test has an unavoidable time lag. Significant correlation (r² = 0.948; P<0.05) was observed between inflection points of muscle oxygenation difference and inflection points of BLa concentration on workload. This relationship suggests changes of muscle oxygenation detected by NIRS is beneficial to the evaluation of athletes’ physiologic function and training load. Considering that muscle oxygenation could be in-vivo and non-invasively measured by NIRS, it may be a better indicator of exercise intensity than BLa measurement in the near future.

简要论述了小型无人机的经典H2/H∞鲁棒优化算法，并在此优化控制算法基础上，对模糊控制器开展了研究，模糊控制器的知识库主要依据原型无人机的实验数据搭建。为了验证模糊控制器的控制品质和鲁棒性，在小型无人机的静态参数(高度、角度)控制回路上将模糊控制器与原型控制器进行了结合，使之成为鲁棒模糊控制器。对小型无人机鲁棒模糊控制系统参数的控制品质和鲁棒性进行了计算，并将这些特性和原型机进行了比较。仿真结果表明，采用模糊控制器的控制系统鲁棒性提高了近一个数量级。

The early stage of exercises is crucial in sports training; however, its physiological mechanism is still unclear. The hemodynamic response was reported to be associated with respiratory exchange. Here, we aimed to explore the relationship between oxy-hemoglobin concentration change (HbO₂) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) during the early phase of exercises. Sixteen athletes of middle-distance race were selected from Wuhan Institute of Physical Education to conduct intermittent exercises on MERCURY4.0 at 80% VO_2peak intensity. Multiple physiological parameters were acquired by use of a near-infrared spectroscopy muscle oxygen monitor, a Cardiopulmonary Function MAX-II and a P-Lar, including HbO₂, RER and others. A significant correlation was found between RER and HbO₂ in quadriceps muscle in the thigh during the early phase of exercises. Thus, NIRS is capable of supervising sports training in terms of HbO₂, which actually acted as an interpreter of RER change.

研究在递增强度运动过程中人体骨骼肌内氧合血红蛋白(HbO2)含量相对变化的拐点与呼吸商拐点, 比较两者在时间上出现的先后次序及规律, 分析它们不同步的生理机制。选取赛艇专项运动员12名为被试者, 在赛艇测功仪(CONCEPT Ⅱ)上做等级性递增强度运动, 起始功率为50 W, 此后每3 min增加50 W直至力竭。运动中利用近红外三波长便携式肌氧监测仪监测被试者股四头肌中HbO2含量相对变化, 并通过MAX-Ⅱ心肺功能仪同步记录其摄氧量, 包括氧摄入量(VO2)和二氧化碳呼出量(VCO2)。呼吸商拐点相对于HbO2相对变化拐点有一个延迟效应。结论：近红外光谱肌氧监测系统可以比呼吸系统更及时的反应运动员在运动中的无氧工作状态。这为利用肌氧监测系统测定HbO2变化来推测呼吸商拐点提供了有力的佐证, 这将有可能提供新的摄氧量测定方法。